The government has introduced comprehensive regulations to reform the nation's education and training systems, specifically targeting universities, colleges, Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions, and employers.
The proposed Kenya National Qualifications Framework (General) Regulations, 2025, developed by the Ministry of Education, aim to standardise qualifications, enhance quality assurance, and align Kenya's education system with international standards.
Central to these regulations is the establishment of a National Qualifications Framework (NQF), a National Qualifications Database, and a system for credit accumulation and transfer. These initiatives are designed to ensure that qualifications awarded by Kenyan institutions are consistent, transparent, and globally recognised.
The framework also introduces mechanisms for the validation and alignment of qualifications, as well as the registration of qualification-awarding bodies.
A key objective of the new law is to create a unified system that allows learners to transition seamlessly between different levels of education and training. The document states, "The framework will facilitate the progression of learners within and across education and training levels, ensuring that qualifications are comparable and recognised."
This means students will find it easier to transfer credits between institutions or switch from academic to vocational pathways.
For universities, colleges, and TVET institutions, the regulations mandate the alignment of their programmes with NQF standards. Institutions must undergo rigorous quality assurance processes to ensure their programmes meet national benchmarks. The proposal indicates that "qualification-awarding bodies must be registered and accredited to offer recognised qualifications," a measure expected to curb the proliferation of substandard programmes and institutions.
Employers are also set to benefit from the new framework. By standardising qualifications, the regulations aim to provide employers with a clearer understanding of the skills and competencies held by job seekers.
The proposal highlights that the framework will "enhance the employability of graduates by ensuring that qualifications are relevant to the labour market," thereby bridging the gap between education and industry needs, ultimately boosting productivity and economic growth.
The proposed regulations introduce a system for Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL), allowing individuals with skills and knowledge gained outside formal education to have their competencies formally recognised. The proposal states, "The RPL system will provide opportunities for lifelong learning and ensure that no Kenyan is left behind in accessing education and training." This is particularly significant for workers in the informal sector, who often lack formal certifications despite possessing valuable skills.
In a notice on Friday, the Ministry of Education called for public input on the proposed regulations, urging stakeholders and members of the public to submit their comments within 14 days.
According to the notice, the regulations are part of efforts to "assess the impacts of the proposed Kenya National Qualifications Framework (General) Regulations, 2025 on education sector stakeholders and members of the general public."
This move comes amid longstanding demands for reforms in Kenya's education system. Over the years, stakeholders have called for greater harmonisation of qualifications, improved quality assurance, and better alignment of education with labour market needs.
However, the implementation of the new regulations may pose challenges, particularly for institutions that may struggle to meet the stringent quality standards. Smaller TVETs and private colleges, for instance, may face financial and logistical hurdles in aligning their programmes with the NQF. The document acknowledges these potential challenges, stating that "the framework will require significant investment in capacity building and infrastructure development."
For students and learners, the regulations promise greater flexibility and recognition of their qualifications. The Ministry explained in the proposal, "The credit accumulation and transfer system will enable learners to move between institutions and pathways without losing their credits." This is expected to reduce dropout rates and encourage more Kenyans to pursue further education and training.
The establishment of a National Qualifications Database is another critical component of the framework. The database will serve as a central repository for all qualifications awarded in Kenya, making it easier for employers, institutions, and regulatory bodies to verify credentials. The document states, "The database will enhance transparency and reduce cases of fraud and misrepresentation of qualifications."
Additionally, the regulations propose the development of an Accreditation System on Qualifications to ensure that all qualifications meet the required standards. The proposal outlines that "qualification-awarding bodies must adhere to the accreditation requirements to maintain the credibility of the qualifications they issue."
